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Interview with Perry Solomon, Executive of PepperCoin

PepperCoin facilitates transactions for small and micro payments.

Interview conducted by Nathan C. Kaiser on Wednesday, April 21, 2004 in Waltham, MA.

What is PepperCoin?

We are a payments technology company. While we build technology, we focus on enabling profitable new business models for companies that are looking to sell low priced items. These items include physical products as well as digital goods and services. As a payments company we are focused on emerging opportunities that we define as micro payments under $5.00 and small payments under $20.00.

What does your service provide to small businesses?
Our services enable profitability for companies that are looking to sell at these lower price points. We do it in a way that allows for our customers to offer services to their end users that is very comfortable for each group.
What are the key markets that you see as representing the greatest opportunity?
We are focused on working with digital media companies. There are a number of industry verticals where there has been a tremendous growth in demand for these kinds of payment services. Areas of focus include music, games, publishing, video, etc. These areas are key services that are being offered to consumers on a pay-per-use basis.
How has this service matured?
We have seen the emergence of a much more open marketplace with the adoption of pay-as-you-go applications. We are pleased to be working with companies in these vertical markets to help them provide more flexibility to their consumers.

Do micro payments provide a way to decrease reliance on advertising revenue?

We view it as being the third leg of the stool. When you think about companies that are in the business of creating content for their consumers there are legitimate business models in the physical world. These companies generate revenue through advertising, through subscriptions, and through pay-per-use.
So you provide an online mechanism for the pay-per-use model.

Advertising was dominant though 2001 and there wasn’t an efficient way for the content producer to make their content available on a pay-as-you-go basis. We enable a way for content companies to be able to build profitable businesses through pay-per-use and subscriptions. We see our service as rounding out the business model of online content producers.
What are the barriers to acceptance of the pay-per-use model?
While the consumer likes a pay-per-use model, this process has to be very similar to a traditional ecommerce transaction. We believe that consumers have preferred payment methods; credit cards, debit, etc. PepperCoin will be enabling those types of payment methods, but doing it in a way that is more profitable for the seller.
Currently you are a close network, will this be changing?

Going forward, where it is less of a closed network and alternative payment system. We will be more of an enabler of traditional payment methods. Merchants want to make it very easy for consumers to buy and go on their way. Rather than creating a stored value account or alternative payment method that takes the consumer away from the purchase process we will provide a much more traditional ecommerce experience.

Will that help differentiate PepperCoin in the competitive environment as well?
Yes. We believe that the consumer is really at the stage where they are experimenting and adopting pay-as-you-go opportunities. They like the flexibility and choice of this type of system. Merchants want to serve the customer but do it in a way that doesn’t require a separate account, etc.
You will be removing the third party from the micro payments process?
We differentiate ourselves by our universal aggregation approach. This allows consumers to work with multiple merchants using their existing payment methods without working with a third party.
What is the size of this market opportunity?
We see this as a multi-billion dollar business. This marketing opportunity is evolving in stages. That marketplace is currently focused around digital content and services. Music downloads are seen as being a $3 billion business by 2007. In context of the music industry, which is a $30 billion business we are only at the beginning. Each of the verticals I mentioned earlier are multi-billion dollar businesses, and we see ourselves as capturing a portion of that market.

A key issue facing this market is transaction costs. How has PepperCoin addressed this issue to make this type of model profitable for both merchants as well as yourselves?

That is a major barrier to the growth of these market opportunities. These costs are broken down into fixed fees as well as variable components. At low price points a fixed fee can really eat up the profitability of that transaction for the merchant. The general approach is to aggregate a lot of small payments and process those as larger payments.
By adding up many payments from one consumer to a single merchant. What about for providers that transactions aggregate across merchants?

Third parties have also created stored value or prepayments as a way to get customers to pay up front and then slowly utilize their account. That has proven to be very challenging as well because consumers don’t want to prepay. Also, the transaction fee is not the consumer’s problem it is the merchant’s.
How does your service differ?
Our patent pending universal aggregation allows us to aggregate a stream of payments from many different consumers to many different merchants into larger overall payments. We then process these universal payments through the payment network. This ensures the integrity of the system as a whole.
So the process is seamless and invisible to the consumer.

We are providing a means for existing payment methods to be used by customers on our merchant’s sites. It doesn’t require the consumer to pre fund an account or for PepperCoin to be holding the customer’s money.

Your original version included a downloadable program for both consumers as well as merchants.
PepperCoin version 1.0, which is the current service offering we do have a download. Once the merchant sets up an account, it is a one-step process. We created the customer download to enable the merchant to get set up much more quickly. We are moving away from the client download.
What were the key lessons learned in moving forward with this new service offering?
We entered into the business in 2002 and have really seen the market take off. When we first launched there was a lot of skepticism about whether or not consumers wanted to use this type of service. As larger digital merchants have embraced pay-per-use they want to create a seamless experience for their customers. They want to be able to support existing payment methods and processes.
Do you believe that streamlining the customer experience will increase conversions for your merchants?
That is certainly what everyone focuses on in the ecommerce world. You still see a lot about shopping cart abandonment and conversions. We are focused on working with our partners to create a seamless experience that will increase the conversions that we see.

What have you done to attract new merchants?

The challenge is finding the business leaders that understand the opportunity. We focused on media companies and digital merchants that want to grow their top line. We are seeing a lot of interest in our services by companies that are looking for additional or incremental revenue.
What type of people did you target to help you build this business?

We have grown at a time when the technology business has gone through some really tough times. We look for bringing in the best possible people in technology, sales, and marketing. We are selling a vision of the future around small and micro payments and look for people that share our enthusiasm.
What are they key lessons you have learned as an entrepreneur?
When we first began looking at the opportunity in 2001 we focused on a plan that would enable us to be flexible and control our costs. We have seen that the market has really accelerated over the past 18 months. The lesson as an entrepreneur is to believe in the opportunity and to be able to scale the business when the opportunity hits.

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